| 章 15. debmake(1) 手冊頁 | ||
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| 章 15. debmake(1) 手冊頁 | ||
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內容目錄
debmake [-h] [-c | -k] [-n | -a package-version.orig.tar.gz | -d | -t ] [-p package] [-u version] [-r revision] [-z extension] [-b "binarypackage[:type], …]" [-e foo@example.org] [-f "firstname lastname"] [-i "buildtool" | -j] [-l license_file] [-m] [-o file] [-q] [-s] [-v] [-w "addon, …"] [-x [01234]] [-y] [-L] [-P] [-T]
debmake 協助從上游原始碼構建一個 Debian 套件，通常做法如下：
請確保將 -b、-f、-l 和 -w 選項的引數使用引號合適地保護起來，以避免 shell 環境的干擾。
為授權+許可證文字而掃描原始碼，然後退出。
對 debian/copyright 檔案和原始碼進行比較並退出。
debian/copyright 必須將通用的檔案匹配模式放在前部並將個別檔案的例外放在後部。
make a native Debian source package without .orig.tar.gz. This makes a Debian source format “3.0 (native)” package.
If you are thinking of packaging a Debian-specific source tree with debian/ in it into a native Debian package, please think otherwise. You can use the “debmake -d -i debuild” or “debmake -t -i debuild” commands to make a Debian non-native package using the Debian source format “3.0 (quilt)” The only difference is that the debian/changelog file must use the non-native version scheme: version-revision. The non-native package is more friendly to downstream distributions.
直接使用上游原始碼壓縮包。（-p, -u, -z：被覆蓋）
上游原始碼壓縮包可以命名為 package_version.orig.tar.gz 或者 tar.gz。在某些情況下，也可使用 tar.bz2 或 tar.xz。
如果所指定的原始碼壓縮包檔名中包含大寫字母，Debian 打包時生成的名稱會將其轉化為小寫字母。
If the specified argument is the URL (http://,
https://, or ftp://) to the upstream
tarball, the upstream tarball is downloaded from the URL using wget or curl.
run the “make dist” command equivalents first to generate the upstream tarball and use it.
The “debmake -d” command is
designed to run in the package/ directory hosting the
upstream VCS with the build system supporting the “make dist” command equivalents.
(automake/autoconf, …)
run the “tar” command to generate the upstream tarball and use it.
The “debmake -t” command is designed to run in the package/ directory hosting the upstream VCS. Unless you provide the upstream version with the -u option or with the debian/changelog file, a snapshot upstream version is generated in the 0\~%y%m%d%H%M format, e.g., 0~1403012359, from the UTC date and time. The generated tarball excludes the debian/ directory found in the upstream VCS. (It also excludes typical VCS directories: .git/, .hg/, .svn/, .CVS/.)
set the binary package specs by a comma separated list of binarypackage:type pairs. Here, binarypackage is the binary package name, and the optional type is chosen from the following type values:
The pair values in the parentheses, such as (any, foreign), are the Architecture and Multi-Arch stanza values set in the debian/control file. In many cases, the debmake command makes good guesses for type from binarypackage. If type is not obvious, type is set to bin.
Here are examples for typical binary package split scenarios where the upstream Debian source package name is foo:
Generating an executable binary package foo:
Generating an executable (python3) binary package python3-foo:
Generating a data package foo:
Generating a executable binary package foo and a documentation one foo-doc:
Generating a executable binary package foo, a library package libfoo1, and a library development package libfoo-dev:
如果原始碼樹的內容和型別的設定不一致，debmake 命令會發出警告。
設定電子郵件地址。
預設值為環境變數 $DEBEMAIL 的值。
設定全名。
預設值為環境變數 $DEBFULLNAME 的值。
invoke "buildtool" at the end of execution. buildtool may be “dpkg-buildpackage”, “debuild”, “sbuild”, etc.
預設情況是不執行任何程式。
設定該選項也會自動設定 --local 選項。
執行 dpkg-depcheck 以檢查構建依賴和檔案路徑。檢查日誌將儲存在父目錄下。
在存放許可證掃描結果的 debian/copyright 檔案末尾新增格式化後的許可證文字。
The default is to add COPYING and LICENSE, and license_file needs to list only the additional file names all separated by “,”.
從指定file讀取可選引數。（這個選項不適合日常使用。）
The content of file is sourced as the Python code at the end of para.py. For example, the package description can be specified by the following file.
para['desc'] = 'program short description' para['desc_long'] = '''\ program long description which you wish to include. . Empty line is space + . You keep going on ... '''
在 debian/rules 檔案中在 dh(1) 命令的引數中新增額外的 dh(1) 引數以指定所使用的附加元件（addon）。
The addon values are listed all separated by “,”, e.g., “-w "python3,autoreconf"”.
For Autotools based packages, autoreconf as addon to run “autoreconf -i -v -f” for every package building is default behavior of the dh(1) command.
For Autotools based packages, if they install Python (version 3) programs, setting python3 as addon to the debmake command argument is needed since this is non-obvious. But for pyproject.toml based Python packages, setting python3 as addon to the debmake command argument is not needed since this is obvious and the debmake command automatically set it to the dh(1) command.
以模板檔案的形式建立配置檔案（請注意 debian/changelog、debian/control、debian/copyright 和 debian/rules 檔案是構建 Debian 二進位制套件所需的最小文件集合。）
n 的數字大小決定了生成哪些配置模板檔案。
Some configuration template files are generated with the extra .ex suffix to ease their removal. To activate these, rename their file names to the ones without the .ex suffix and edit their contents. Existing configuration files are never overwritten. If you wish to update some of the existing configuration files, please rename them before running the debmake command and manually merge the generated configuration files with the old renamed ones.
For a well behaving source, you can build a good-for-local-use installable single Debian binary package easily with one command. Test install of such a package generated in this way offers a good alternative to the traditional “make install” command installing into the /usr/local directory since the Debian package can be removed cleanly by the “dpkg -P '…'” command. Here are some examples of how to build such test packages. (These should work in most cases. If the -d option does not work, try the -t option instead.)
For a typical C program source tree packaged with autoconf/automake:
For a typical Python (version 3) module source tree:
For a typical Python (version 3) module in the package-version.tar.gz archive:
對於典型的以 package-version.tar.gz 歸檔提供的 Perl 模組：
打包工作也許需要額外安裝一些專用的幫助套件。
Although debmake is meant to provide template files for the package maintainer to work on, actual packaging activities are often performed without using debmake while referencing only existing similar packages and “Debian Policy Manual”. All template files generated by debmake are required to be modified manually.
There are 2 positive points for debmake:
Please double check copyright with the licensecheck(1) command.
組成 Debian 套件名稱的字元選取存在一定的限制。最明顯的限制應當是套件名稱中禁止出現大寫字母。這裡給出正則表示式形式的規則總結：
[-+.a-z0-9]{2,}
[-+.a-z0-9]{2,}
[0-9][-+.:~a-z0-9A-Z]*
[0-9][+.~a-z0-9A-Z]*
See the exact definition in “Chapter 5 - Control files and their fields” in the “Debian Policy Manual”.
debmake assumes relatively simple packaging cases. So all programs related to the interpreter are assumed to be “Architecture: all”. This is not always true.
請使用 reportbug 命令報告 debmake 套件的問題與錯誤。
環境變數 $DEBUG 中設定的字元用來確定日誌輸出等級。
main.py logging
para.py logging
checkdep5.py
check_format_style() logging
checkdep5.py
split_years_name() logging
checkdep5.py
parse_lines() 1 logging — content_state scan loop:
begin-loop
checkdep5.py
parse_lines() 2 logging — content_state scan loop: after
regex match
checkdep5.py
parse_lines() 3 logging — content_state scan loop:
end-loop
checkdep5.py
parse_lines() 4 logging — print author/translator section
text
checkdep5.py
check_all_license() 1 logging — input filename for the
copyright scan
checkdep5.py
check_all_license() 2 logging — print license section
text
checkdep5.py
check_all_license() 3 logging — print copyright section
text
checkdep5.py
check_all_license() 4 logging — sort key for
debian/copyright stanza
sed.py logging
cat.py logging
kludge.py logging
(“debmake -k”)
Use this feature as:
$ DEBUG=ipsybmeaflckrwn debmake ...
See README.developer in the source for more.
Copyright © 2014-2024 Osamu Aoki <osamu@debian.org>
The debmake-doc package provides the “Guide for Debian Maintainers” in plain text, HTML and PDF formats under the /usr/share/doc/debmake-doc/ directory.
See also dpkg-source(1), deb-control(5), debhelper(7), dh(1), dpkg-buildpackage(1), debuild(1), quilt(1), dpkg-depcheck(1), sbuild(1), gbp-buildpackage(1), and gbp-pq(1) manpages.
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| 章 14. 更多範例 |
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章 16. debmake options |