| 第14章 debmake(1) manpage | ||
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| 第14章 debmake(1) manpage | ||
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目次
debmake [-h] [-c | -k] [-n | -a package-version.orig.tar.gz | -d | -t ] [-p package] [-u version] [-r revision] [-z extension] [-b "binarypackage[:type], …]" [-e foo@example.org] [-f "firstname lastname"] [-i "buildtool" | -j] [-l license_file] [-m] [-o file] [-q] [-s] [-v] [-w "addon, …"] [-x [01234]] [-y] [-L] [-P] [-T]
debmake helps to build a Debian package from the upstream source. Normally, this is done as follows:
Make sure to protect the arguments of the -b, -f, -l, and -w options from shell interference by quoting them properly.
scan source for copyright+license text and exit.
compare the debian/copyright file with the source and exit.
The debian/copyright file must be organized to list the generic file patterns before the specific exceptions.
make a native Debian source package without .orig.tar.gz. This makes a Debian source format 「3.0 (native)」 package.
If you are thinking of packaging a Debian-specific source tree with debian/ in it into a native Debian package, please think otherwise. You can use the 「debmake -d -i debuild」 or 「debmake -t -i debuild」 commands to make a Debian non-native package using the Debian source format 「3.0 (quilt)」 The only difference is that the debian/changelog file must use the non-native version scheme: version-revision. The non-native package is more friendly to downstream distributions.
use the upstream source tarball directly. (-p, -u, -z: overridden)
The upstream tarball may be specified as package_version.orig.tar.gz and tar.gz. For other cases, it may be tar.bz2, or tar.xz.
If the specified upstream tarball name contains uppercase letters, the Debian package name is generated by converting them to lowercase letters.
If the specified argument is the URL (http://,
https://, or ftp://) to the upstream
tarball, the upstream tarball is downloaded from the URL using wget or curl.
run the 「make dist」 command equivalents first to generate the upstream tarball and use it.
The 「debmake -d」 command is
designed to run in the package/ directory hosting the
upstream VCS with the build system supporting the 「make dist」 command equivalents.
(automake/autoconf, …)
run the 「tar」 command to generate the upstream tarball and use it.
The 「debmake -t」 command is designed to run in the package/ directory hosting the upstream VCS. Unless you provide the upstream version with the -u option or with the debian/changelog file, a snapshot upstream version is generated in the 0\~%y%m%d%H%M format, e.g., 0~1403012359, from the UTC date and time. The generated tarball excludes the debian/ directory found in the upstream VCS. (It also excludes typical VCS directories: .git/, .hg/, .svn/, .CVS/.)
set the binary package specs by a comma separated list of binarypackage:type pairs. Here, binarypackage is the binary package name, and the optional type is chosen from the following type values:
The pair values in the parentheses, such as (any, foreign), are the Architecture and Multi-Arch stanza values set in the debian/control file. In many cases, the debmake command makes good guesses for type from binarypackage. If type is not obvious, type is set to bin.
Here are examples for typical binary package split scenarios where the upstream Debian source package name is foo:
Generating an executable binary package foo:
Generating an executable (python3) binary package python3-foo:
Generating a data package foo:
Generating a executable binary package foo and a documentation one foo-doc:
Generating a executable binary package foo, a library package libfoo1, and a library development package libfoo-dev:
If the source tree contents do not match settings for type, the debmake command warns you.
set e-mail address.
The default is taken from the value of the environment variable $DEBEMAIL.
set the fullname.
The default is taken from the value of the environment variable $DEBFULLNAME.
invoke "buildtool" at the end of execution. buildtool may be 「dpkg-buildpackage」, 「debuild」, 「sbuild」, etc.
The default is not to execute any program.
Setting this option automatically sets the --local option.
run dpkg-depcheck to judge build dependencies and identify file paths. Log files are in the parent directory.
add formatted license text to the end of the debian/copyright file holding license scan results.
The default is to add COPYING and LICENSE, and license_file needs to list only the additional file names all separated by 「,」.
read optional parameters from file. (This is not for everyday use.)
The content of file is sourced as the Python code at the end of para.py. For example, the package description can be specified by the following file.
para['desc'] = 'program short description' para['desc_long'] = '''\ program long description which you wish to include. . Empty line is space + . You keep going on ... '''
add extra arguments to the --with option of the dh(1) command as addon in debian/rules.
The addon values are listed all separated by 「,」, e.g., 「-w "python3,autoreconf"」.
For Autotools based packages, autoreconf as addon to run 「autoreconf -i -v -f」 for every package building is default behavior of the dh(1) command.
For Autotools based packages, if they install Python (version 3) programs, setting python3 as addon to the debmake command argument is needed since this is non-obvious. But for pyproject.toml based Python packages, setting python3 as addon to the debmake command argument is not needed since this is obvious and the debmake command automatically set it to the dh(1) command.
generate configuration files as templates. (Please note debian/changelog, debian/control, debian/copyright, and debian/rules are bare minimum configuration files to build a Debian binary package.)
The number n determines which configuration templates are generated.
Some configuration template files are generated with the extra .ex suffix to ease their removal. To activate these, rename their file names to the ones without the .ex suffix and edit their contents. Existing configuration files are never overwritten. If you wish to update some of the existing configuration files, please rename them before running the debmake command and manually merge the generated configuration files with the old renamed ones.
For a well behaving source, you can build a good-for-local-use installable single Debian binary package easily with one command. Test install of such a package generated in this way offers a good alternative to the traditional 「make install」 command installing into the /usr/local directory since the Debian package can be removed cleanly by the 「dpkg -P '…'」 command. Here are some examples of how to build such test packages. (These should work in most cases. If the -d option does not work, try the -t option instead.)
For a typical C program source tree packaged with autoconf/automake:
For a typical Python (version 3) module source tree:
For a typical Python (version 3) module in the package-version.tar.gz archive:
For a typical Perl module in the package-version.tar.gz archive:
Packaging may require installation of some additional specialty helper packages.
Although debmake is meant to provide template files for the package maintainer to work on, actual packaging activities are often performed without using debmake while referencing only existing similar packages and 「Debian Policy Manual」. All template files generated by debmake are required to be modified manually.
There are 2 positive points for debmake:
Please double check copyright with the licensecheck(1) command.
There are some limitations for what characters may be used as a part of the Debian package. The most notable limitation is the prohibition of uppercase letters in the package name. Here is a summary as a set of regular expressions:
[-+.a-z0-9]{2,}
[-+.a-z0-9]{2,}
[0-9][-+.:~a-z0-9A-Z]*
[0-9][+.~a-z0-9A-Z]*
See the exact definition in 「Chapter 5 - Control files and their fields」 in the 「Debian Policy Manual」.
debmake assumes relatively simple packaging cases. So all programs related to the interpreter are assumed to be 「Architecture: all」. This is not always true.
Please report bugs to the debmake package using the reportbug command.
The character set in the environment variable $DEBUG determines the logging output level.
main.py logging
para.py logging
checkdep5.py
check_format_style() logging
checkdep5.py
split_years_name() logging
checkdep5.py
parse_lines() 1 logging — content_state scan loop:
begin-loop
checkdep5.py
parse_lines() 2 logging — content_state scan loop: after
regex match
checkdep5.py
parse_lines() 3 logging — content_state scan loop:
end-loop
checkdep5.py
parse_lines() 4 logging — print author/translator section
text
checkdep5.py
check_all_license() 1 logging — input filename for the
copyright scan
checkdep5.py
check_all_license() 2 logging — print license section
text
checkdep5.py
check_all_license() 3 logging — print copyright section
text
checkdep5.py
check_all_license() 4 logging — sort key for
debian/copyright stanza
sed.py logging
cat.py logging
kludge.py logging
(「debmake -k」)
Use this feature as:
$ DEBUG=ipsybmeaflckrwn debmake ...
See README.developer in the source for more.
Copyright © 2014-2024 Osamu Aoki <osamu@debian.org>
The debmake-doc package provides the 「Guide for Debian Maintainers」 in plain text, HTML and PDF formats under the /usr/share/doc/debmake-doc/ directory.
See also dpkg-source(1), deb-control(5), debhelper(7), dh(1), dpkg-buildpackage(1), debuild(1), quilt(1), dpkg-depcheck(1), sbuild(1), gbp-buildpackage(1), and gbp-pq(1) manpages.
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| 第13章 More Examples |
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第15章 debmake options |