第 13 章 工具的使用

您可以使用 debdiff 命令来对比两个 Debian 软件包内容的差别。

$ debdiff old-package.dsc new-package.dsc

您也可以使用 debdiff 命令来对比两组二进制 Debian 软件包中的文件列表。

$ debdiff old-package.changes new-package.changes

当检查源代码包中哪些文件被修改时，这个命令非常有用。它还可以用来检测二进制包中是否有文件在更新过程中发生变动，比如被意外替换或删除。

Debian now enforces the source-only upload when developing packages. So there may be 2 different *.changes files:

您可以使用 dget 命令来下载 Debian 源包的文件集。

$ dget https://www.example.org/path/to/package_version-rev.dsc

You can make the upstream tarball ../foo-newversion.tar.[xg]z accessible from the Debian source tree as ../foo_newversion.orig.tar.[xg]z. This command is useful for renaming and symlinking the upstream tarball to the expected Debian naming convention.

You can fetch the pre-existing orig tarball of a Debian package from various sources, and unpack it with origtargz command.

This is basically for -2, -3, …​ revisions.

If the upstream project is hosted in a Git repository without an official tarball release, you can generate its orig tarball from the git repository for use by the Debian source package. Execute “git deborig” from the root of the checked-out source tree.

This is basically for -1 revisions.

The “dpkg-source -b” command packs the upstream source tree into the Debian source package.

It expects a series of patches in the debian/patches/ directory and their application sequence in debian/patches/series.

您应该使用 debc 命令安装生成的软件包以在本地对齐进行测试。

$ debc package_version-rev_arch.changes

您应该使用 piuparts 命令安装生成的软件包以自动进行测试。

$ sudo piuparts package_version-rev_arch.changes

	注意
	这是一个非常慢的过程，因为它需要访问远程 APT 软件包仓库。