章 3. 預備知識

在 Debian 社群中有這幾類常見的角色：

Please note that you can’t become an official Debian Developer (DD) overnight, as it requires more than just technical skills. Don’t be discouraged by this. If your work is useful to others, you can still upload your package either as a maintainer through a sponsor or as a Debian Maintainer.

請參考下列文件來了解應當如何為 Debian 作出貢獻：

為做好準備和 Debian 進行互動，請理解 Debian 的社會動力學：

在這篇指南之後的部分中，我們只關注打包的技術方面。因此，請參考下面的文件來理解 Debian 的社會動力學：

Here are some technical reminders to help other maintainers work on your package easily and effectively, maximizing the output of Debian as a whole.

Please make yourself ready to read the pertinent part of the latest Debian documentation to generate perfect Debian packages:

Before deciding to ask your question in a public forum, please do your part by reading the relevant documentation:

請了解 Debian 倉庫的當前狀況。

因此，對已經存在於倉庫內的套件做出貢獻是十分歡迎的（這也更有可能得到其他維護者的支援和協助上傳）。

	提示
	The wnpp-alert command from the devscripts package can check for installed packages that are up for adoption or orphaned.

	提示
	The how-can-i-help package can show opportunities for contributing to Debian based on packages installed locally.

這裡使用類 Python 虛擬碼，給出了對 Debian 貢獻名為 program 的軟體所走的貢獻流程：

if exist_in_debian(program):
  if is_team_maintained(program):
    join_team(program)
  if is_orphaned(program): # maintainer: Debian QA Group
    adopt_it(program)
  elif is_RFA(program): # Request for Adoption
    adopt_it(program)
  else:
    if need_help(program):
      contact_maintainer(program)
      triaging_bugs(program)
      preparing_QA_or_NMU_uploads(program)
    else:
      leave_it(program)
else: # new packages
  if not is_good_program(program):
    give_up_packaging(program)
  elif not is_distributable(program):
    give_up_packaging(program)
  else: # worth packaging
    if is_ITPed_by_others(program):
      if need_help(program):
        contact_ITPer_for_collaboration(program)
      else:
        leave_it_to_ITPer(program)
    else: # really new
      if is_applicable_team(program):
        join_team(program)
      if is_DFSG(program) and is_DFSG(dependency(program)):
        file_ITP(program, area="main") # This is Debian
      elif is_DFSG(program):
        file_ITP(program, area="contrib") # This is not Debian
      else: # non-DFSG
        file_ITP(program, area="non-free") # This is not Debian
      package_it_and_close_ITP(program)

其中：

新手貢獻者和維護者可能想知道在開始對 Debian 進行貢獻之前需要事先學習哪些知識。根據您個人的側重點不同，下面有我的一些建議供您參考：

新手貢獻者和維護者可能想知道從哪裡開始對 Debian 進行貢獻。根據您掌握的技能，下面有我的一些建議供您參考：